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Is nicotine addictive?

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#81
Maz

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View Postszaxe, on 04 September 2011 - 02:43 AM, said:

Every type of addict lived on the squatted island and many frequented the bar. The amount of recovering addicts that have told me that for all the pain of going cold turkey nothing compared with the drip drip cravings of nicotine withdrawal.

I've been unlucky enough to witness this process and fortunate enough never to have experienced it for myself. Late '80s, early '90s with my group of friends, we were all stoners as isn't at all unusual for the age group. Other drugs being used as well, as wasn't unusual for the time period, Acid, MDA, MDMA etc was being necked at weekends, all stuff I regarded as non-addictive at least in the classical sense, fun was being had etc, etc, blah, blah.. However it's obviously not healthy and started taking its toll on me and I could see I seriously needed to calm down but I knew if I stuck around I wouldn't have been able to so in late '91 I buggered off, did the kibbutz thing in Israel for a few years, Egypt, Europe etc. I (temporarily) severed contact with my peer group and didn't return to the UK until '95, I found things had changed. Other drugs had crept in whilst I was away and unfortunately Heroin had been given the same respect we gave to weed, which was very little/none at all.

I had lost a mate to an overdose already whilst I was away (I lost another later, apparently to impurities in street heroin) and two others were addicts. I spent a lot of time around one of these lads after he'd decided to 'get clean' and witnessed a lot of the withdrawal process, he tapered down for a while and then went "cold turkey" with the help of whatever benzodiazepines he could lay his hands on to try to ease the process. Seeing one of your mates crying in pain, shivering and sweating like a malaria victim in a bed with his pants soaked in stinking liquid shit isn't the prettiest sight in the world. Oh there was a fair bit of puking too, can’t forget the puke.
There but for the grace of god.......eh? I like to think I wouldn’t but I probably would have been in the same boat. He did ‘get clean’ and stayed that way, the lad I was talking about is now a paramedic in Lancashire, and no longer smokes :tongue:

Obviously nicotine withdrawal doesn’t have that sort of effect, but I find it extremely unpleasant nonetheless, unpleasant enough to leave me in no doubt it’s physically addictive rather than a psychological ‘addiction’ like gambling etc.

Alcohol is a weird one and for me I find it a confusing example of differing physiologies and differing responses to drugs because of them. When I left the UK in ’91 I wasn’t a drinker, at all, I hated alcohol. There was a weird kind of prejudice against it in the circle I knocked around in, as mentioned above we weren’t exactly a virtuous, abstinent group but for some odd reason alcohol was largely frowned upon. Upon hitting Israel all the other travellers were big drinkers and it didn’t take me long to follow suit, whenever we weren’t working we were pissed, all night every night. I didn’t go to bed until I was pretty much bouncing off the walls and I kept that up until the age of 34 when my son was born so 19-34, 15 years of being properly pissed every single night.

When my son was born I stopped dead, I had a weird feeling something was missing but that was just habit, I was used to coming home from work, having my tea and then either going out or starting on the cans in the fridge or the whiskey etc. It was my wind-down routine and it had been altered so it felt a bit weird, not bad just odd and after a week I was fine.
By rights have been a full-blown alcoholic shouldn’t I? Having all sorts of withdrawal symptoms and going through hell, I had none of it, zip. I have no problem at all with drinking now either, I like a drink on a Friday or Saturday night if we have babysitting on one of those nights but it doesn’t bother me if not and I don’t even think about a pint midweek. I had liver function tests done for something unrelated a few years back and that’s functioning perfectly too so I seem to have gotten away with it on all counts. More luck than judgement but I do sometimes wonder why I got so lucky after being so bloody stupid for so many years.

Not having my usual four (minimum) strong cups of coffee during the morning gives me more problems than stopping 15 years of stupidly heavy drinking did, I get headaches without caffeine. It’s been an interesting read this thread, full of the usual UKV twists and turns, a few home truths etc. I don’t think any of us are any the wiser but I still know I feel bad without nicotine, it’s consistent, it’s unpleasant and it doesn’t stop until I have a vape :smokin:

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#82
szaxe

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View PostMaz, on 05 September 2011 - 02:16 PM, said:



I had lost a mate to an overdose already whilst I was away (I lost another later, apparently to impurities in street heroin) and two others were addicts. I spent a lot of time around one of these lads after he'd decided to 'get clean' and witnessed a lot of the withdrawal process, he tapered down for a while and then went "cold turkey" with the help of whatever benzodiazepines he could lay his hands on to try to ease the process. Seeing one of your mates crying in pain, shivering and sweating like a malaria victim in a bed with his pants soaked in stinking liquid shit isn't the prettiest sight in the world. Oh there was a fair bit of puking too, can’t forget the puke.
There but for the grace of god.......eh? I like to think I wouldn’t but I probably would have been in the same boat. He did ‘get clean’ and stayed that way, the lad I was talking about is now a paramedic in Lancashire, and no longer smokes :tongue:



Fortunately I have never had to watch a friend go through what I am sure is a horrific process, nor have I had to suffer such not having taken any of the stronger drugs (luck not judgement, I was a coward :D). My drummer was an english alchoholic and drove the band off the bridge to the squatted island into the river ij on purpose (fortunately I had missed the lift happily fornicating :D )

So I can't give a personal comparison on the difference between giving up drink (like you I drank and drink a lot but can stop at will) or drugs, but can only note what others have said to me and my own experience with nicotine.
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#83
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Easy enough to test this out for oneself. Vape for a while zero nicotine e-liquid that still provides throat hit. I tried this for a day and felt satisfied. So my initial thoughts are that I'm addicted to throat hit, not nicotine.
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#84
szaxe

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View PostOnceupon, on 05 September 2011 - 02:55 PM, said:

Easy enough to test this out for oneself. Vape for a while zero nicotine e-liquid that still provides throat hit. I tried this for a day and felt satisfied. So my initial thoughts are that I'm addicted to throat hit, not nicotine.

I think, as has been said we are all different and maybe other side issues can also be compulsive/addictive. But I lean to the opinion that the side issues like TH, alkoloids, ritual, etc are not wholesale like nicotine.

I don't like throathit and prefer 12mg vape as it is milder on my throat than 18mg, but I need 18mg.

What also sways me to think I personally need the nicotine is that I can vape what I clearly don't like the taste of. I will still vape it even though it tastes horibble because I need the nicotine. After a day or so I will love that horrible taste, as I assume, I subconsciuosly know it will deliver my nicotine. This wouldn't happen with nicotine free juice.
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#85
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View PostOnceupon, on 05 September 2011 - 02:55 PM, said:

Easy enough to test this out for oneself. Vape for a while zero nicotine e-liquid that still provides throat hit. I tried this for a day and felt satisfied. So my initial thoughts are that I'm addicted to throat hit, not nicotine.



I have tried this as an experiment and failed miserably so am convinced that I am addicted to nicotine.

No surprise really as I knew I was before I started.
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#86
samuelmunro

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Addiction as it relates to the use of nicotine is centered in my opinion around pleasure/reward sensation. I do believe that nicotine has attributes that we would agree, exhibit addictive characteristics. This is why people get addicted to Exercise, Religion...etc. You name it, if it makes us feel good, you can rest assured that there will be a percentage of the global populous that will yearn for that "fell good" factor and be addicted to the way it makes them feel.

Recently I started college again and am in that unenviable position of limbo between employment and funding. The result of this is that for the time being I simply cannot afford traditional, combustible cigarettes. I tell you this because I have made no secret of the fact that I consider myself a dual user. My point being is that, while not "Smoking" I have been "Vaping". The crux of this that while electronic cigarette use is not the same as smoking I find it to be more than adequate at keeping my cravings at bay.

Am I an addict?? Perhaps. I light of this do I believe that my chosen way of administering nicotine should be available through medicinal / prescription routes? Certainly not.

I have had many insightful discussions with members of this community, both publicly via the fora and privately via skype etc... From these I have gathered a certain world view as regards nicotine use and Harm Reduction in it's broader term.

My fight is with the powers that be that wish to control where I get my nicotine-laced fluid of the gods from.

My argument is this. If nicotine gum and patches are available from both the medical route ( Your GP) and the consumer route ( Local Shop/ Online) then it stand to reason the my choice of nicotine replacement / Delivery system should too.

here comes the science bit: http://ecigusers.com...ine-is-it-safe/ | http://ecigusers.com/nicotine-body/ here I go into a bit more detail about our favourite of Alkaloids.

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#87
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In http://ecigusers.com/nicotine-body/ you quote sources, but could you explain things like "The first is mediated by the cytochrome P450 system (mainly CYP2A6 and CYP2B6) to produce nicotine iminium ion" for non-specialists because I have no idea at all what this means.

#88
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View Postsamuelmunro, on 05 September 2011 - 03:40 PM, said:

Addiction as it relates to the use of nicotine is centered in my opinion around pleasure/reward sensation. I do believe that nicotine has attributes that we would agree, exhibit addictive characteristics. This is why people get addicted to Exercise, Religion...etc. You name it, if it makes us feel good, you can rest assured that there will be a percentage of the global populous that will yearn for that "fell good" factor and be addicted to the way it makes them feel.


I agree about pleasure/reward sensation, however I think this is why I consider addiction rather than compulsion as regards nicotine.

Smoking was never that pleasurable until I tried to stop. I can think of much more pleasurable habits that I have no problem stopping, even though I'd prefer not to stop.

Some people become compulsive for coffee others can take it or leave it. Now I believe that if our nicotine was delivered via coffee, those with a compulsive need for the alkoloids in coffee would not be happy with another beverage for nicotine ingestion, whereas those that can take or leave coffee would be satisfied regardless of the beverage.

P.s.

So yes I believe alkoloids might help some. I'm sure if nicotine free coffee was drank along with a nicotine beverage those with a compulsion for coffee would also be satisfied.

Edited by szaxe, 05 September 2011 - 04:56 PM.

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#89
samuelmunro

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View PostTdol, on 05 September 2011 - 04:30 PM, said:

In http://ecigusers.com/nicotine-body/ you quote sources, but could you explain things like "The first is mediated by the cytochrome P450 system (mainly CYP2A6 and CYP2B6) to produce nicotine iminium ion" for non-specialists because I have no idea at all what this means.

I've added a little more, I am by no means an expert in this either. but the more I find out the deeper I begin to understand. I've also given a bit of info as to how I do the whole "finding out things".

To me biology seems to have a lot in common with astronomy in that there are just too many stars and objects in the sky to give them all an individual name. It's this that makes a lot of maths and the sciences very confusing.

...As I learn more about this I will continue to add to it in language that will make the topic easier to digest. For I myself am very much the lay-person. :)

...more info: the cytochrome P450 system (Q: where is it in the body? A: It's found in the liver)

Edited by samuelmunro, 05 September 2011 - 07:14 PM.

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#90
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View PostKenny, on 05 September 2011 - 03:30 PM, said:

No surprise really as I knew I was before I started.
Kenny the scientist :skeptical:
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#91
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View PostOnceupon, on 07 September 2011 - 04:15 AM, said:

View PostKenny, on 05 September 2011 - 03:30 PM, said:

No surprise really as I knew I was before I started.
Kenny the scientist :skeptical:



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#92
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I find if I don't have enough nicotine right now (and I'm just back to vaping after needing the MAOI's in cigs for a week due to anxiety) I get psychotic...

However my maintenance level is about 40-50mg of nicotine a day...so the NRT at 30mg a day just does nothing for me...

Hence I choose e-cigs....

But it'll be interesting to see what happens should I get 'sick' again...

Will I end up back on cigs for a few days to a few weeks only to go back on the e-cig? Will I smoke 1oz a day of tobacco or more...

Time will tell

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View PostCaspahkaj, on 07 September 2011 - 06:52 PM, said:

I find if I don't have enough nicotine right now (and I'm just back to vaping after needing the MAOI's in cigs for a week due to anxiety) I get psychotic...

However my maintenance level is about 40-50mg of nicotine a day...so the NRT at 30mg a day just does nothing for me...

Hence I choose e-cigs....

But it'll be interesting to see what happens should I get 'sick' again...

Will I end up back on cigs for a few days to a few weeks only to go back on the e-cig? Will I smoke 1oz a day of tobacco or more...

Time will tell

CK
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#94
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View PostMaz, on 03 September 2011 - 08:34 PM, said:



I don't believe nicotine is the most addictive drug in existence, abrupt benzodiazepine withdrawal can actually kill you, so in fact it's utter bollocks.

What is this benzodiazepine you speak of? Do you have any ? Can you send me some ? If not do you know where it can be purchased ? It sounds exactly the sort of thing i need. :)

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View PostTdol, on 05 September 2011 - 04:30 PM, said:

In http://ecigusers.com/nicotine-body/ you quote sources, but could you explain things like "The first is mediated by the cytochrome P450 system (mainly CYP2A6 and CYP2B6) to produce nicotine iminium ion" for non-specialists because I have no idea at all what this means.

The Cytochrome P450 system is a set of liver enzymes that metabolize just about everything in your body. Their function is generally to oxidise organic chemicals in order to improve excretion or further metabolism. Some will activate "prodrugs" (drugs which are inactive until they have been initially metabolised, such as codeine).

By the way, I found some articles stating that by itself, nicotine is not especially addictive. However, with lower amounts of monoamine oxidase (MAO) or when a subject is taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (such as antidepressants, cocaine, amphetamine analouges, and importantly, norharman which is found in tobacco smoke) the addictive potential is massively increased. This is probably because in lower blood concentrations nicotine causes the release of monoamines such as dopamine, epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and so the MAOIs in tobacco smoke potentiate their release.

http://www.ncbi.nlm....pubmed/16177026
"The results suggest that the inhibition of MAO activity by compounds present in tobacco smoke may combine with nicotine to produce the intense reinforcing properties of cigarette smoking that lead to addiction."

http://www.ncbi.nlm....pubmed/14592678
"Since tobacco smoke is known to contain many compounds including MAOIs, our data suggest that addictive properties of tobacco may not be limited to nicotine. We propose that MAOIs potentiate effects of nicotine on monoamines release."

http://journals.camb...ine&aid=6382912
"These results suggest that the minor tobacco alkaloids, particularly anatabine, cotinine and myosmine, may increase the motivation for nicotine and thus facilitate smoking behaviour."

Edited by Crundy, 24 November 2011 - 04:51 PM.


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#96
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View Postszaxe, on 03 September 2011 - 05:27 PM, said:

Is nicotine addictive?

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#97
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does the pope shit in the woods? Of course he doesn't, he shits in the toilet (I hope!) like the rest of us!!! Bears shit in the woods!!!

#98
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lol, the pope doesn't shit man, obviously....
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#99
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I think it is addictive for sure and how addictive depends on many things. I'm sure the part of the brain that mingles with nic is bigger for some and stopping the supply of nic gives nasty results. I'm lucky I have nailed a good load of addictive things in my time and just walked away. My peers are still into various crap and probably will be forever. Seems to me that some folks are pre disposed to addiction. It is in short part of your make up I believe.

Here is my list of dodgy crap and how I rate them in terms of badness. THIS IS JUST MY TAKE worst first.

BOOZE, SMOKING,CRACK,SMACK,COKE,KETAMINE, MDMA,ACID, WEED.CAFFIENE. VAPING


I still enjoy a drink from time to time and vape daily. I have never tried crack or smack and won't I know a few who have and it was not very good for them. Obviously any of the things on my list can send a person mad. It all depends on who you are.

I was a regular 4 day a week party head for years and rode it till it started to ride me. I like many found the prescence of a higher power with that I accepted I was indeed happy and have lived a contented life. I drink a little vape a lot and have a couple of cups of coffee a day. I eat well and work hard. Never did me any harm well not to much. What was your name again.
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#100
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I agree with acoustic:

The answer to the question is "yes". It is not a matter of opinion. Or belief.

However, this is solely related to scientific medical evidence. If you choose to disregard evidence and science, then the question as to whether nicotine is addictive will have as many answers as there are people.

You may as well ask whether the World is flat. There are still many people who believe that it is. Really.